Database to know: Oracle: 10g Database Installation in VirtualBox

- Download Oracle Database 10.2.0.1.0 and Patchset 10.2.0.5.0 (Patch 8202632).
- Add doownload location in Shared Folder from VirtualBox (Settings->Shared Folders -> Add Shared Folder -> Folder Path)
- Start Oracle Linux in VirtualBox
- Login as Root
- in /media , you can get and access the "Shared Folder"

Checking the Hardware Requirements
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The system must meet the following minimum hardware requirements:
* At least 1024 MB of physical RAM
* The relationship between the available RAM and the required swap space.

Available RAM   Swap Space Required
----------------------------------- ---------------------------------
Between 1024 MB and 2048 MB   1.5 times the size of RAM
Between 2049 MB and 8192 MB   Equal to the size of RAM
More than 8192 MB   0.75 times the size of RAM

* 400 MB of disk space in the /tmp directory
* Between 1.5 GB and 3.5 GB of disk space for the Oracle software, depending on the installation type
* 1.2 GB of disk space for a preconfigured database that uses file system storage (optional)

To determine the physical RAM size, enter the following command:
# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo

To determine the size of the configured swap space, enter the following command:
# grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo

To determine the available RAM and swap space, enter the following command:
# free

To determine the amount of free disk space available on the system, enter the following command:
# df -k

To determine whether the system architecture can run the software, enter the following command:
# grep "model name" /proc/cpuinfo

This command displays the processor type. Verify that the processor architecture matches the Oracle software release that you want to install. If you do not see the expected output, then you cannot install the software on this system.

Checking the Software Requirements

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The system must meet the following minimum software requirements, depending on the distribution and version of your operating system:

# The operating system must be one of the following:

* Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3.0 (Update 3 or later)

* Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.0

* SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9.0

* Asianux 1.0

* Asianux 2.0

# The system must be running the following (or later) kernel version:

* Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3.0 and Asianux 1.0

2.4.21-27.EL

* Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.0 and Asianux 2.0

2.6.9-5.0.5.EL

# The following packages (or later versions) must be installed:

* Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3.0 and 4.0, and Asianux 1.0 and Asianux 2.0

make-3.79.1

gcc-3.2.3-34

glibc-2.3.2-95.20

compat-db-4.0.14-5

compat-gcc-7.3-2.96.128

compat-gcc-c++-7.3-2.96.128

compat-libstdc++-7.3-2.96.128

compat-libstdc++-devel-7.3-2.96.128

openmotif21-2.1.30-8

setarch-1.3-1

To determine which version of the operating system is installed, enter the following command:
# cat /etc/issue

To determine whether the required kernel is installed, enter the following command :
# uname -r

To determine whether the required packages are installed, enter commands similar to the following:
# rpm -q package_name

Creating Required Operating System Groups and Users
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The following local operating system groups and users are required if you are installing Oracle Database:

* The Oracle Inventory group (oinstall)
* The OSDBA group (dba)
* The Oracle software owner (oracle)
* An unprivileged user (nobody)

1. To determine whether the oinstall group exists, enter the following command:
# more /etc/oraInst.loc

If the oraInst.loc file exists, then the output from this command is similar to the following:

inventory_loc=/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory
inst_group=oinstall

2. To determine whether the dba group exists, enter the following command:
# grep dba /etc/group

3. If necessary, enter the following commands to create the oinstall and dba groups:
# /usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall
# /usr/sbin/groupadd dba

4. To determine whether the oracle user exists and belongs to the correct groups, enter the following command:
# id oracle

The output should be similar to the following, indicating that oinstall is the primary group and dba is a secondary group:
uid=440(oracle) gid=200(oinstall) groups=201(dba),202(oper)

5. If necessary, complete one of the following actions:
* If the oracle user exists, but its primary group is not oinstall or it is not a member of the dba group, then enter the following command:
# /usr/sbin/usermod -g oinstall -G dba oracle

* If the oracle user does not exist, enter the following command to create it:
# /usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
This command creates the oracle user and specifies oinstall as the primary group and dba as the secondary group.

6. Enter the following command to set the password of the oracle user:
# passwd oracle

7. To determine whether the nobody user exists, enter the following command:
# id nobody

If the nobody user does not exist, then enter the following command to create it:
# /usr/sbin/useradd nobody

Configuring Kernel Parameters
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Verify that the kernel parameters shown in the following table are set to values greater than or equal to the recommended value shown. The procedure following the table describes how to verify and set the values.

Parameter	Value	File
semmsl	250	/proc/sys/kernel/sem
semmns	32000
semopm	100
semmni	128

shmall	2097152	/proc/sys/kernel/shmall
shmmax	Half the size of physical memory (in bytes)	/proc/sys/kernel/shmmax
shmmni	4096	/proc/sys/kernel/shmmni
file-max	65536	/proc/sys/fs/file-max

ip_local_port_range	Minimum: 1024	/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_local_port_range
ip_local_port_range	Maximum: 65000	/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_local_port_range

rmem_default	262144	/proc/sys/net/core/rmem_default
rmem_max	262144	/proc/sys/net/core/rmem_max
wmem_default	262144	/proc/sys/net/core/wmem_default
wmem_max	262144	/proc/sys/net/core/wmem_max

If the value of any kernel parameter is different from the recommended value, then create or edit the /etc/sysctl.conf file and add or edit lines similar to the following:

# vi /etc/sysctl.conf

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 2147483648

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

fs.file-max = 65536

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000

rmem_default = 262144

rmem_max = 262144

wmem_default = 262144

wmem_max = 262144

>>>> Restart System to get effect

Set Shell Limits for the oracle User

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Shell Limit Item in limits.conf Hard Limit
-------------------------------- ------------------------ ----------------
Maximum number of open file descriptors   nofile 65536
Maximum number of processes available to a single user   nproc 16384

To increase the shell limits:

1. Add the following lines in the /etc/security/limits.conf file:

oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536

2. Add the following line to the /etc/pam.d/login file, if it does not already exist:

session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so

3. Depending on the oracle user's default shell, make the following changes to the default shell startup file:

* For the Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell, add the following lines in the /etc/profile file (or the /etc/profile.local file on SUSE systems):

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi

*   For the C shell, add the following lines in the /etc/csh.login file (or the /etc/csh.login.local file on SUSE systems):

if ( $USER == "oracle" ) then
limit maxproc 16384
limit descriptors 65536
endif

Creating Required Directories

------------------------------------------------------------
Create directories with names similar to the following, and specify the correct owner, group, and permissions for them:

* The Oracle base directory
* An optional Oracle data file directory (optional)

The Oracle base directory must have 3 GB of free disk space, or 4 GB of free disk space if you choose not to create a separate Oracle data file directory.

# mkdir -p /mount_point/app/oracle_sw_owner
# chown -R oracle:oinstall /mount_point/app/oracle_sw_owner
# chmod -R 775 /mount_point/app/oracle_sw_owner

For example, if the mount point you identify is /u01 and oracle is the user name of the Oracle software owner, then the recommended Oracle base directory path is as follows:

/u01/app/oracle

Configuring the oracle User's Environment
------------------------------------------------------------------------

- You run Oracle Universal Installer from the oracle account. However, before you start Oracle Universal Installer, you must configure the environment of the oracle user.

- Set the default file mode creation mask (umask) to 022 in the shell startup file.
- Set the DISPLAY environment variable.

- To set the oracle user's environment:

1.  Start a new terminal session, for example, an X terminal (xterm).
2.  Enter the following command to ensure that X Window applications can display on this system:
$ xhost fully_qualified_remote_host_name

- To determine the default shell for the oracle user, enter the following command:
$ echo $SHELL

- Enter or edit the following line in the shell startup file, specifying a value of 022 for the default file mode creation mask:
umask 022

- If the ORACLE_SID, ORACLE_HOME, or ORACLE_BASE environment variable is set in the file, then remove the corresponding lines from the file.

-   If you are not installing the software on the local system, then enter a command similar to the following to direct X applications to display on the local system:
*   Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell:
$ DISPLAY=local_host:0.0 ; export DISPLAY

  *   C shell:
% setenv DISPLAY local_host:0.0

- Enter the following commands to ensure that the ORACLE_HOME and TNS_ADMIN environment variables are not set:

Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell:
$ unset ORACLE_HOME
$ unset TNS_ADMIN

C shell:
% unsetenv ORACLE_HOME
% unsetenv TNS_ADMIN

- To verify that the environment has been set correctly, enter the following commands:
$ umask
$ env | more

- Verify that the umask command displays a value of 0022, 022, or 22 and the environment variables that you set in this section have the correct values.

Note: for Redhat Linux 5, when initiating runInstaller, it will fail due to system requirements check.
So, you need to replace 5 with 4 in "/etc/redhat-release". After finishing installation, you need to revert back to original value.

Select Advanced Installation, and click Next